They surround her like men guarding a field,
The attackers surround Jerusalem like guards around a field because she has rebelled against the LORD.
This verse links the encirclement directly to rebellion.
5Announce in Judah, proclaim in Jerusalem, and say: 6Raise a signal flag toward Zion. 7A lion has gone up from his thicket, 8So put on sackcloth, 9“In that day,” declares the LORD, 10Then I said, “Ah, Lord GOD, how completely You have deceived this people and Jerusalem by saying, ‘You will have peace,’ while a sword is at our throats.” 11At that time it will be said to this people and to Jerusalem, “A searing wind from the barren heights in the desert blows toward the daughter of My people, but not to winnow or to sift; 12a wind too strong for that comes from Me. Now I also pronounce judgments against them.” 13Behold, he advances like the clouds, 14Wash the evil from your heart, O Jerusalem, 15For a voice resounds from Dan, 16Warn the nations now! 17They surround her like men guarding a field, 18“Your ways and deeds