Ecclesiastes 4
About EcclesiastesWritten by AI
Ecclesiastes is wisdom of a different kind: an honest look at life "under the sun", where so much seems fleeting and unfair. The speaker is called the Teacher, a son of David and king in Jerusalem. Jewish and Christian tradition has long taken this to be Solomon. Many scholars think a later writer used Solomon's voice, and faithful readers hold both views.
The book opens with its famous refrain, “Everything is futile!” The word means a breath or vapor: brief, hard to grasp. The Teacher tests pleasure, work, wealth and wisdom, and finds none of them gives lasting meaning on its own.
Watch for two threads that run through the gloom. Again and again he says to enjoy food, work and love as gifts from God's hand. And the book ends by pointing beyond itself: fear God and keep His commandments, because God will bring every deed to judgment.
Before you read Ecclesiastes 4Written by AI
The Teacher looks at the hard side of life: the tears of the oppressed with no one to comfort them, and work driven by envy. Notice the warm middle section: two are better than one, and a cord of three strands is not quickly broken. It ends with a story of a young king who is popular for a while, then forgotten.
The Evil of Oppression
Again I looked, and I considered all the oppression taking place under the sun. I saw the tears of the oppressed, and they had no comforter; the power lay in the hands of their oppressors, and there was no comforter. So I admired the dead, who had already died, above the living, who are still alive. But better than both is he who has not yet existed, who has not seen the evil that is done under the sun.
I saw that all labor and success spring from a man’s envy of his neighbor. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.
The fool folds his hands
and consumes his own flesh.
Better one handful with tranquility
than two handfuls with toil and pursuit of the wind.
Again, I saw futility under the sun. There is a man all alone, without even a son or brother. And though there is no end to his labor, his eyes are still not content with his wealth: “For whom do I toil and bereave my soul of enjoyment?” This too is futile—a miserable task.
Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor. For if one falls down, his companion can lift him up; but pity the one who falls without another to help him up! Again, if two lie down together, they will keep warm; but how can one keep warm alone? And though one may be overpowered, two can resist. Moreover, a cord of three strands is not quickly broken.
The Futility of Power
Better is a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer knows how to take a warning. For the youth has come from the prison to the kingship, though he was born poor in his own kingdom.
I saw that all who lived and walked under the sun followed this second one, the youth who succeeded the king. There is no limit to all the people who were before them. Yet the successor will not be celebrated by those who come even later. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.